What happens when combustion occurs outside the recommended O2 range?

When combustion occurs outside the recommended oxygen (O2) range, it leads to higher emissions. This is primarily due to inefficient combustion processes that occur when there is either too much or too little oxygen present.

In the case of insufficient oxygen, incomplete combustion results, producing higher levels of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, and other harmful pollutants. This inefficiency not only leads to increased emissions but also to a waste of fuel since not all of it is being converted into energy.

Conversely, excessive oxygen can also lead to elevated levels of emissions, as the system may still operate inefficiently, causing higher temperatures that can generate nitrogen oxides (NOx), another group of harmful pollutants.

Overall, maintaining the proper O2 levels is critical for efficient combustion, which in turn helps to minimize emissions and adhere to environmental regulations. Thus, monitoring and adjusting oxygen levels within the recommended range is essential for ensuring optimal performance and compliance with emission standards.